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An electrical connector is an electro-mechanical device for joining electrical circuits as an interface using a mechanical assembly. Connectors consist of plugs (male-ended) and jacks (female-ended). The connection may be temporary, as for portable equipment, require a tool for assembly and removal, or serve as a permanent electrical joint between two wires or devices.〔Robert S. Mroczkowski, ''Electrical Connector Handbook Theory and Applications'', McGraw Hill, 1998 ISBN 0-07-041401-7, chapter 1〕 An adapter can be used to effectively bring together dissimilar connectors. There are hundreds of types of electrical connectors. Connectors may join two lengths of flexible copper wire or cable, or connect a wire or cable to an electrical terminal. In computing, an electrical connector can also be known as a physical interface (compare physical layer in OSI model of networking). Cable glands, known as ''cable connectors'' in the US, connect wires to devices mechanically rather than electrically and are distinct from quick-disconnects performing the latter. == Properties of electrical connectors == Electrical connectors are characterised by their pinout and physical construction, size, contact resistance, insulation between pins, ruggedness and resistance to vibration, resistance to entry of water or other contaminants, resistance to pressure, reliability, lifetime (number of connect/disconnect operations before failure), and ease of connecting and disconnecting. They may be keyed to prevent insertion in the wrong orientation, connecting the wrong pins to each other, and have locking mechanisms to ensure that they are fully inserted and cannot work loose or fall out. Some connectors are designed such that certain pins make contact before others when inserted, and break first on disconnection; this protects circuits typically in connectors that apply power, e.g. connecting safety ground first, and sequencing connections properly in hot swapping applications. It is usually desirable for a connector to be easy to identify visually, rapid to assemble, require only simple tooling, and be inexpensive. In some cases an equipment manufacturer might choose a connector specifically because it is ''not'' compatible with those from other sources, allowing control of what may be connected. No single connector has all the ideal properties; the proliferation of types is a reflection of differing requirements. Fretting is a common failure mode in electrical connectors that have not been specifically designed to prevent it.〔 TE Connectivity. ("Ribbon Cable Interconnect Solutions" ) p. 30 "By its design the traditional failure mode in tin plated connections, fretting corrosion, is prevented." 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Electrical connector」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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